Twelve sector case studies

Real effluents. Tailored trains.

Select a sector to see its indicative influent, the selected treatment train, the engineering rationale and typical performance. Every figure is confirmed by KEMISTA characterisation and bench/pilot testing per site.

01
Pulp & Paper
02
Dairy
03
Wet Textile
04
Printing Inks
05
Food & Beverage
06
Metal Finishing
07
Poultry & Slaughter
08
Petrochemical
09
Fertilisers
10
Pharmaceuticals
11
Landfill Leachate
12
Cattle & Pig Farms
Division I · Case Study 01

Pulp & Paper

Anaerobic + Aerobic + Phys–Chem

High-volume, fibre- and lignin-laden effluents with elevated COD, suspended solids and colour. KEMISTA recovers fibre, captures methane as energy and polishes water back to machine-quality for reuse.

92%
COD removal
60%
Water reuse
0.30
m³ biogas/kg
Selected treatment train
Mill effluent → Fibre recovery → Primary clarifier → Anaerobic UASB → Aerobic MBBR → Coag/Floc + DAF → Reuse
Indicative influent characteristics
Flow m³/t 10–60
pH – 5–9
COD mg/L 1,000–5,000
BOD₅ mg/L 300–2,000
TSS (fibre) mg/L 500–4,000
AOX mg/L 1–15
COD reduction along the train
COD (mg/L)
3,000
Raw
900
+Anaerobic
250
+Aerobic
120
+Polish
Why this configuration
Energy positive — anaerobic stage converts soluble COD to biogas for on-site CHP.
Fibre recovery returns saleable cellulose to the process, cutting raw-material cost.
Colour and refractory COD removed by coagulation / DAF and optional ozone.
Closed loop reduces fresh-water intake and effluent levy.
See the full technology selection matrix

Your sector not listed, or a stream that defies the categories?

KEMISTA characterises the stream and engineers a bespoke train — that is what bench and pilot testing are for.

Discuss your stream